学位论文

高速公路与沿线景观协调性研究

汤振兴

摘要：高速公路是经济发展的产物，是一个国家现代化水平的标志之一，高速公路建设的快速发展，一方面促进了社会经济的增长；但另一方面也影响甚至破坏了沿线的生态环境和自然景观。近年来，随着人们生态环保意识的增强和审美能力的提高，以及走可持续发展道路的要求，高速公路与沿线景观协调性逐渐引起人们的重视。如何减小高速公路建设对原有景观的破坏，创造一个和谐的路域环境；如何使公路建设既能满足人们的出行需要，又能与周围环境相协调，这是高速公路建设面临新的问题。 论文针对我国高速公路建设中存在的景观问题，以高速公路与沿线景观协调性作为切入点，主要从高速公路沿线景观现状评价、高速公路选线、高速公路视觉影响评价、高速公路景观设计四个方面来展开研究，其主要内容和研究结论包括: （1）在研究国内外景观评价方法的基础上，结合高速公路景观环境特点，构建了高速公路沿线景观现状评价指标体系，为高速公路选线与沿线景观环境保持协调、避免破坏景观敏感目标提供了最为基本的条件。（2）通过对不同阶段、不同尺度、不同环境的选线分析，总结出不同选线阶段要注意的景观环境问题。论文提出高速公路走廊带规划要与沿线相关各种规划相协调的同时，在路线方案设计阶段要因地制宜，充分尊重周围的环境，以便把公路建设对于沿线景观环境的影响减少到最低。并分析了不同环境条件下的路线设计方法。（3）论文在分析高速公路视觉环境的基础上，提出了进行高速公路视觉影响评价的步聚，总结了高速公路视觉影响评价的方法和评估模型，详细论述了视觉相融性评价及视觉质量变化评价的具体内容，在注重高速公路视觉影响评价理论研究的基础上，使之对于高速公路建设实践更具有指导意义。 （4）最后论文探讨了目前我国高速公路景观设计中存在的主要问题，提出了高速公路景观设计原则，并提出高速公路自身景观要与沿线景观格局、地域文化、景观特征三个方面进行整合设计，通过对高速公路不同景观元素设计的分析，总结了与沿线景观协调的高速公路景观设计方法。

关键词：高速公路，高速公路景观，沿线景观，协调，视觉影响评价，景观设计

 

Research on Harmony between Expressway and Landscape along the Route

ABSTRACT: The expressway is the product of economic development, also is one of national modernization level symbols, with the expressway construction development, on the one hand , the construction promoted the social economy growth, but on the other hand also affected even destroyed the ecological environment and the natural landscape along the route. In recent years, along with the people ecology environmental consciousness's enhancement and esthetic ability's enhancement, as well as walk the sustainable development path's request, the harmony between expressway and landscape along the route brought to people's attention gradually. How to reduce the destruction of expressway construction on the original landscape, and creates harmonious environment; How to enable the expressway construction both meet people's journey needs, and can harmonize with the environment, this is the new problem which expressway construction faced. The paper aims at landscape problem which exists in expressway construction in our country, takes the harmony between expressway and landscape along the route as breakthrough point, the study mainly include four aspects, they are the expressway landscape present situation evaluation along the route, the expressway route selection, the expressway visual impact evaluation and the expressway landscape designs. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) Through studying the domestic and foreign landscape assessment method, and unite expressway landscape environment characteristic, has established the expressway landscape evaluation indicator system along the route. It can provide the most basic condition for maintaining harmony between the expressway route selection and the landscape environment along the route, and avoids destroying sensitive landscape. (2) Analyzing the method of route selection in different stage and environmental condition, summarizes the landscape environment problem which in different route selection stage should be pay attention to. The selection of expressway corridor must harmonize with each kind of plan which related along the route, at the same time, in order to reduce the destruction of expressway construction on the landscape environment along the route, must act as circumstances permit in the route design phase, and respect environment fully. Also analysis route design method under the different environmental condition. (3) After analyzing expressway visual environment, the step of expressway visual impact evaluation is put forward, has summarized the method and model of expressway visual impact evaluation. Elaborate the content of visual compatibility appraisal and the visual quality variation appraisal in detail, pays great attention on theory research of expressway visual impact evaluation as foundation, enables it have guide significance in practice. (4) Finally aim at the main problem of expressway landscape design in our country at present, the principle of expressway landscape design is put forward, and point out that expressway own landscape must conformity design with the landscape pattern, the region culture and the landscape characteristic along the route. Through analyzing the design method of different expressway landscape element, has summarized the method of expressway landscape design which harmonize with the landscape along the route.

Key words: expressway, expressway landscape, landscape along the route, harmony, visual impact evaluation, landscape design