学位论文

河流近自然化学说在河流景观规划设计中的应用

牛铜钢

摘要：在过去的几十年里，快速城市化使我国许多河流进行了渠道化的改造。河流景观质量的下降及河流生态系统的退化已成为一个严重的环境问题，受到国际社会的普遍关注。随着环境意识、生态观念的增强、生活水平的提高，人们对河流的近自然化整治的要求越来越迫切。从一些发达国家有关河流整治的实践来看，河流近自然化的学说和技术在河流景观规划设计中得到了广泛的应用。在对国内外河流所面临的共性问题进行分析和对国外先进的河流景观规划设计方法进行总结的基础上，结合河流生态系统、河流地貌学等相关理论，归纳出我国现状河流景观规划设计应采用的近自然化设计手法，并对部分相关技术做了阐述。结合国内的一条河流的景观规划设计，对文章所论述的相关理论、方法进行应用。

关键词：近自然化；河流景观；水文地貌；栖息地；河流生态系统

 

The Application of Near Nature Theory in River Landscape Architecture

ABSTRACT: Over the past several decades, our country had been undergoing large-scale urbanization. Most of the nature river had been channeled. River landscape isn’t attractive as usual, and the watershed ecosystem is deteriorating. These global environment problems have been widely concerning by the international society. Along with the enhancement of environment consciousness, ecological awareness and the improvement of living standards, the society’s request to near-nature improvement of the rivers has become more and more urgent. Many of the river landscape architecture improvement from developed countries told us that near-nature theory and the technology had been used in the river landscape enhancements. This dissertation analyses and studies the common problems that domestic and overseas rivers are facing, summarizes the foreign experiences in river landscape architecture, and base on theories of river ecosystem and river geomorphology, then conclude with some methods and techniques of the river landscape architecture. The design of a river landscape improvement project was implemented based on the theory of near-nature river improvement.

Key words: Near-nature; River landscape; Hydrological landscape; Habitat; River ecosystem